Mechanism of Xuebijing Injection in treatment of sepsis-associated ARDS based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiment / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and molecular mechanism of Xuebijing Injection in the treatment of sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiment. The active components of Xuebijing Injection were screened and the targets were predicted by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP). The targets of sepsis-associated ARDS were searched against GeneCards, DisGeNet, OMIM, and TTD. Weishengxin platform was used to map the targets of the main active components in Xuebijing Injection and the targets of sepsis-associated ARDS, and Venn diagram was established to identify the common targets. Cytoscape 3.9.1 was used to build the "drug-active components-common targets-disease" network. The common targets were imported into STRING for the building of the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network, which was then imported into Cytoscape 3.9.1 for visualization. DAVID 6.8 was used for Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment of the common targets, and then Weishe-ngxin platform was used for visualization of the enrichment results. The top 20 KEGG signaling pathways were selected and imported into Cytoscape 3.9.1 to establish the KEGG network. Finally, molecular docking and in vitro cell experiment were performed to verify the prediction results. A total of 115 active components and 217 targets of Xuebijing Injection and 360 targets of sepsis-associated ARDS were obtained, among which 63 common targets were shared by Xuebijing Injection and the disease. The core targets included interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β), IL-6, albumin(ALB), serine/threonine-protein kinase(AKT1), and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA). A total of 453 GO terms were annotated, including 361 terms of biological processes(BP), 33 terms of cellular components(CC), and 59 terms of molecular functions(MF). The terms mainly involved cellular response to lipopolysaccharide, negative regulation of apoptotic process, lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polyme-rase Ⅱ promoter, response to hypoxia, and inflammatory response. The KEGG enrichment revealed 85 pathways. After diseases and generalized pathways were eliminated, hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1), tumor necrosis factor(TNF), nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB), Toll-like receptor, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways were screened out. Molecular docking showed that the main active components of Xuebijing Injection had good binding activity with the core targets. The in vitro experiment confirmed that Xuebijing Injection suppressed the HIF-1, TNF, NF-κB, Toll-like receptor, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways, inhibited cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation, and down-regulated the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in cells. In conclusion, Xuebijing Injection can regulate apoptosis and response to inflammation and oxidative stress by acting on HIF-1, TNF, NF-κB, Toll-like receptor, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways to treat sepsis-associated ARDS.

Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of brassinosteroid in improving anti-cadmium stress ability of Panax notoginseng / 中国中药杂志

In this study, the effect of brassinosteroid(BR) on the physiological and biochemical conditions of 2-year-old Panax notoginseng under the cadmium stress was investigated by the pot experiments. The results showed that cadmium treatment at 10 mg·kg~(-1) inhibited the root viability of P. notoginseng, significantly increased the content of H_2O_2 and MDA in the leaves and roots of P. noto-ginseng, caused oxidative damage of P. notoginseng, and reduced the activities of SOD and CAT. Cadmium stress reduced the chlorophyll content of P. notoginseng, increased leaf F_o, reduced F_m, F_v/F_m, and PIABS, and damaged the photosynthesis system of P. notoginseng. Cadmium treatment increased the soluble sugar content of P. notoginseng leaves and roots, inhibited the synthesis of soluble proteins, reduced the fresh weight and dry weight, and inhibited the growth of P. notoginseng. External spray application of 0.1 mg·L~(-1) BR reduced the H_2O_2 and MDA content in P. notoginseng leaves and roots under the cadmium stress, alleviated cadmium-induced oxidative damage to P. notoginseng, improved the antioxidant enzyme activity and root activity of P. notoginseng, increased the content of chlorophyll, reduced the F_o of P. notoginseng leaves, increased F_m, F_v/F_m, and PIABS, alleviated the cadmium-induced damage to the photosynthesis system, and improved the synthesis ability of soluble proteins. In summary, BR can enhance the anti-cadmium stress ability of P. notoginseng by regulating the antioxidant enzyme system and photosynthesis system of P. notoginseng under the cadmium stress. In the context of 0.1 mg·L~(-1) BR, P. notoginseng can better absorb and utilize light energy and synthesize more nutrients, which is more suitable for the growth and development of P. notoginseng.

Gut microbiota as a target for traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of cardiovascular disease: potential mechanisms and therapy strategies / 药学学报

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributor to patient deaths worldwide, and its pathogenesis is complex and mortality rates are increasing every year. Numerous researches have shown that the gut microbiota and its metabolites were closely associated with the development of CVD, and gut microbiota was expected to be a potential new target for the treatment of CVD. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), characterized by its multi-component, multi-target and integrity, can play a therapeutic role in CVD by regulating the gut microbiota, which has obvious advantages in stabilizing the disease, improving heart function and enhancing quality of life, and is an ideal intestinal microecological regulator. Therefore, this review will mainly discuss the intimate association of gut microbiota and its metabolites with CVD, and the therapeutic strategies of TCM targeting gut microbiota to improve CVD, including regulating the composition of gut microbiota, protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier, influencing the intestinal immune function and modulating the metabolites of gut microbiota, in order to provide a reference for the research of TCM targeting gut microbiota for CVD.

Intervention of Lung Cancer by Chinese Medicine and Active Components via Affecting Gut Microbiota：A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

As a malignancy with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world， lung cancer poses a huge threat to the health and life safety of all human beings. Most lung cancer patients are already in the advanced stage when they are diagnosed， and the treatment of advanced lung cancer often brings heavy mental pressure and economic burden to patients but has little effect. Therefore， the early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer has become a major problem for medical researchers. At present， chemotherapy， immunotherapy， targeted therapy， and other treatment methods still have problems such as intolerance of patients and drug resistance， so there is an urgent need for human beings to seek new methods to treat lung cancer. Currently， the relationship between gut microbiota and disease occurrence， development， and prognosis， and the treatment of diseases by regulating gut microbiota have become a hot field of medical research. There are significant differences in gut microbiota between lung cancer patients and healthy people. Intestinal microorganisms can act on the respiratory system through the gut-lung axis， thereby affecting the occurrence， development， and prognosis of lung cancer and other respiratory diseases. As a peculiar means of treatment in China， Chinese medicine can effectively delay tumor progression， prevent postoperative recurrence and metastasis， reduce complications in the course of treatment， improve the quality of life， and prolong the survival of patients. Therefore， Chinese medicine is widely involved in the treatment of malignancies. Some Chinese medicine monomers， compounds， and active components have been found to regulate the gut microbiota. They can regulate the metabolism of the body， control the inflammatory response， build an immune barrier， or play a synergistic effect with various lung cancer treatments by affecting gut microbiota， so as to achieve the anti-tumor purpose. This article systematically reviewed the research on Chinese medicine and effective components in regulating gut microbiota， creating tumor-suppressing microenvironment， and intervening in the treatment of lung cancer， in order to provide new research ideas for the treatment of lung cancer.

Probe the syndrome differentiation system of six meridians of circular motion / 国际中医中药杂志

The internal organs and meridians were associated with Yin and Yang, five elements, six qi, and time and space, based on the holistic view of heaven, earth and human, according to Huangdi Neijing. The syndrome differentiation system of six meridians and Zang Fu meridians were established by Shanghan Zabing Lun, on the basis of the three Yin, three Yang, six meridians, and five Zang system in Huangdi Neijing. We put forward the concept of the six meridians syndrome differentiation system of circular motion, considering that the six meridians syndrome differentiation system actually implies the theory of circular motion. The syndrome differentiation system was constructed with the circular model of one qi circulating around the road, rising left and falling right, corresponding up and down, and maintaining conservation in the middle as the core, integrating Yin and Yang, five elements, six qi, Zang Fu and meridians, qi, blood and body fluid, and the integration of heaven, earth and human, focusing on "disease location and disease nature", taking classical prescriptions as the main treatments, and cooperating with external treatments such as acupuncture and moxibustion. We organically combined the circular motion with the syndrome differentiation of the six meridians, systematically interpreted the physiological bases, pathological changes, progressive patterns, and the treatments, based on syndrome differentiation, by inheriting the classical thinking mode of Hetu, Luoshu,Zhouyi, Huangdi Neijing, ShennongHerbal Classic, and Shanghan Zabing Lun.

Comparison of Application of MD-VF-Auto SEM Method and Plankton Gene Multiplex PCR System in the Diagnosis of Drowning / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To compare the application effect of microwave digestion - vacuum filtration - automated scanning electron microscopy (MD-VF-Auto SEM) method and plankton gene multiplex PCR system in the diagnosis of drowning.@*METHODS@#Lung, liver and kidney tissue of 10 non-drowning cases and 50 drowning cases were prepared for further MD-VF-Auto SEM method analysis and plankton gene multiplex PCR system analysis. The positive detection rate of the two methods in each tissue was calculated.@*RESULTS@#The positive rate of the MD-VF-Auto SEM method detecting diatoms in drowning cases was 100%, and few diatoms were detected in the liver and kidney tissues of 6 non-drowning cases. By using the plankton gene multiplex PCR system, the diatom positive rate of drowning cases was 84%, and all the non-drowning cases were negative. There were significant differences in the positive rate of the liver, kidney tissues between MD-VF-Auto SEM method and plankton gene multiplex PCR system (P<0.05), as well as the total positive rate of cases. However, no significant differences were found in the positive rates of lung tissues (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#MD-VF-Auto SEM method is more sensitive than plankton gene multiplex PCR system in diatom test. But the plankton gene multiplex PCR system can also detect plankton other than diatoms. Combination of the two methods can provide a more reliable basis for the diagnosis of drowning.

Study of clinical characteristics in patients with gp210 antibody-positive primary biliary cholangitis / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic value of liver function in a large samples of patients with anti-glycoprotein 210 (gp210 antibody) positive primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 931 PBC cases in Beijing You'an Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from 2010 to 2019. According to the detection of gp210 antibody, 318 cases were divided into gp210 antibody positive group (positive group) and 613 cases were divided into gp210 antibody negative group (negative group). The differences in demographic, medical history, clinical indicators, B-ultrasound and pathological indicators as well as the histopathological basis were compared between the two groups. SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Measurement data were analyzed by t-test or rank sum test, and enumeration data by χ2 test. Multivariate analysis was used for logistic test, and and survival analysis was used for prognosis. Results: The positive and the negative groups were compared. The ratio of male to female was significantly higher in positive than negative group (1:5.35 vs. 1:9.73, P＜0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. The proportion of hormone use in history of past diagnosed and treated was higher in positive than negative group (12.9% vs. 3.47%, P＜0.05), and the difference was statistically significant. The detection of biochemical indexes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were higher in positive than the negative group (51.1 U/L vs. 41.1 U/L, 62.6 U/L vs. 49.6 U/L, 24.1 μmol/L vs. 17.9 μmol/L, 228.3 U/L vs. 169.6 U/L, 203.9 U/L vs. 147.6 U/L), (P＜0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. Antinuclear antibody (ANA)-positive rate, high titer ratio and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were higher in positive than negative group (95.2% vs. 81.6%, 69.7% vs. 48.8%, 17.2 g/L vs. 16.2 g/L), (P＜0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. The incidence of liver failure was higher in positive than negative group (P＜0.05). CK7 and inflammation score were higher in positive group than negative group in liver histopathological observations (0.83±0.53 vs. 0.28±0.47; 1.06±0.39 vs. 0.54±0.65), (P＜0.05), and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: The illness condition of patients with gp210 antibody positive PBC is more severe than patients with gp210 antibody negative PBC, and the incidence of liver failure is significantly increased. Cholangiocytes may be the histopathological basis of the clinical characteristics of gp210 antibody positive PBC patients.

Mechanism of Dendrobium huoshanense in Treatment of Gastric Ulcer： Based on Network Pharmacology and in Vivo Experiment / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Dendrobium huoshanense in the treatment of gastric ulcer （GU） based on network pharmacology and in vivo experiment. MethodThe active components of D. huoshanense were searched from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） and literature， and the targets of the components were screened from TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction. GU-related genes were retrieved from GeneCards， Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM）， and DisGeNET. Thereby， the common targets of the disease and the medicinal were yielded and the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed， followed by Gene Ontology （GO） term enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment. According to the predicted results， hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， immunohistochemistry， enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， Western blot， and real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） were used to validate the effects of D. huoshanense on acetic acid-induced GU in rats. ResultA total of 63 active components of D. huoshanense and 37 target genes of D. huoshanense for the treatment of GU were screened out. PPI network analysis yielded several possible core anti-GU targets of D. huoshanense. They influenced the development of GU by acting on signaling pathways such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）， hypoxia inducible factor-1 （HIF-1）， tumor necrosis factor （TNF）， and nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， and various biological processes. The in vivo experiment showed that D. huoshanense significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and TNF-α in the serum of model rats （P<0.05， P<0.01）， increased gastric blood flow （GBF） at the ulcer margin， raised the expression of epidermal growth factor （EGF） and epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） at the ulcer margin （P<0.01）， significantly down-regulated protein and mRNA expression of PI3K and Akt， and up-regulated protein and mRNA expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten （PTEN） in the gastric tissues of GU rats （P<0.01）. ConclusionThrough regulating EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway， D. huoshanense can inhibit tissue inflammation， increase gastric microcirculatory blood flow at the ulcer margin， and promote cell proliferation and repair of damaged gastric mucosa.

Wiltse approach combined with contralateral transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and conventional surgery for lumbar disc herniation:a case-control study / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effecty of Wiltse approach combined with contralateral transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) and traditional TLIF in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation and its affect on injury of multifidus muscle.@*METHODS@#From June 2014 to September 2017, 90 patients with lumbar disc herniation combined with lumbar spine instability were divided into two groups (Wiltse approach group and traditional group) depend on the procedure of operation. Wiltse approach group was treated with Wiltse approach screw placement in one side combined with contralateral TLIF. There were 50 patients in Wiltse approach group, including 36 males and 14 females, aged 45 to 72 yearswith an average of (60.4± 3.1) years. The traditional group was treated with traditional TLIF operation. There were 40 patients in the traditional group, including 25 males and 15 females, aged 45 to 74 years with an average of (62.1±3.4) years. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, accuracy of screw implantation, postoperative drainage volume and drainage tube removal time were recorded in two groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)were observed before and 12 months after operation. All patients underwent CT examination preoperative and 12 months postoperative, and the CT values of bilateral multifidus muscle were measured.@*RESULTS@#All the patients were followed up, 40 patients in traditional group were 12 to 18 months with an average of (15.3±4.3) months; and 50 patients in Wiltse approach group were 13 to 24 months with an average of (16.5± 4.1) months. There were no statistically significant differences in operative time and intraoperative blood loss between two groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with traditional surgical procedures, the Wiltse approach nail placement combined with contralateral TLIF has the advantage of accurate nail placement, reducing multifidus muscle damage, and reducing the incidence of postoperative intractable low back pain.

Effects of loupes and microscope on the prosthodontist's posture from ergonomic aspects / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the effects of loupes and microscope on the posture of prosthodontists when preparing the laminate veneer, and to assess the clinical value of loupes and microscope from the ergonomic aspects.@*METHODS@#Twenty young prosthodontists from Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology were recruited into this study, which was a prospective, single blind, self-control trials. The research hypothesis was concealed and the participants were deceived about the precise purpose of the study to counterbalance the lack of direct blinding. The prosthodontists prepared laminate veneers of open window type in the artificial dental model, under routine visual field (control group), 2.5× headwear loupes (loupes group), and 8× operating microscope (microscopic group) by turning. The participants were photographed from profile view and front view. Thereafter, the subjective assessment was performed by themselves using the visual analogue score (VAS). The expert assessment was performed by two professors using modified-dental operator posture assessment instrument on the basis of photographs of the profile view and front view.@*RESULTS@#The subjective assessment scores for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group were 4.55±1.96, 7.90±1.12, and 9.00±0.92, respectively. There was significant difference between the three groups' subjective scores (P < 0.05). The expert assessment scores for the control group, loupes group and microscopic group were 16.38±1.52, 15.15±1.30, and 13.60±0.88, respectively. There was significant difference between the three groups' expert assessment scores (P < 0.05). Specifically, the three groups' expert assessment scores were significantly different (P < 0.05) in trunk position (front to back) (1.33±0.41, 1.03±0.11, 1.00±0.00), head and neck position (front to back) (2.75±0.38, 2.13±0.36, 1.23±0.38), elbows level (1.38±0.43, 1.40±0.45, 1.13±0.22), and shoulders level (1.43±0.41, 1.23±0.34, 1.13±0.28). Thereinto, the microscopic group was better than loupes group in head and neck position (front to back) and elbows level (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Loupes and microscope improve the posture of the prosthodontist when preparing the laminate veneer, in which the microscope is better than loupes. Therefore, the magnification devices have clinical value from the ergonomic aspects.

Health-related quality of life and health-adjusted life expectancy among patients with chronic non-communicable diseases, in Guangdong province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective@#To estimate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) which were associated with chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in people from Guangdong province of China.@*Methods@#Data on both NCDs prevalence and EuroQol-5 Dimensions-3 Levels measured HRQOL were gathered from the Fifth National Health Survey in Guangdong province, 2013. Logistic regression model and multiple linear regression model were employed to explore the impact of NCDs on HRQOL. Life expectancy (LE) and HALE were used to evaluate the comprehensive impact of chronic diseases on population health.@*Results@#A total of 68 550 inhabitants were included in the analysis. Graded logistic regression showed that the impact of chronic diseases on all dimensions of quality of life was statistically significant after adjusting for social demographic characteristics. The greatest health impact was on the pain/discomfort health dimension [OR=4.48 (95%CI:4.20-4.77)], followed by anxiety/depression[OR=3.95 (95%CI: 3.62- 4.31)], daily activities [OR=3.69 (95%CI: 3.37-4.04)], mobility [OR=3.63 (95%CI: 3.34-3.94)]and ability on self-care [OR=3.30 (95%CI: 2.98-3.66)]. Losses of LE and HALE caused by NCDs were 12.7 and 14.6 years respectively while the overall expected gain was 3.8 years in HALE, when NCDs were taken away.@*Conclusions@#Our data showed that NCDs had shortened the healthy life span of patients through reducing the HRQOL and also causing heavy disease burden on both patients with NCDs and the communities. Health-care related policies on NCDs need to be developed, for the elderly, in particular.

Spatial distribution of cancer-related burden in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2013 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the burden and to describe the characteristics of spatial distribution caused by malignant tumors among different administrative areas in Guangzhou from 2010- 2013.@*Methods@#Based on data from the Cancer Registry system and population in Guangzhou in 2010- 2013, disability-adjusted life year (DALY) was assessed on the disease burden of cancer, in accordance with the method used in the Global Burden of Disease study.@*Results@#The crude incidence rates of cancer appeared as 256.22/105 in 2010-2011 and 270.04/105 in 2012-2013, with the crude mortality rates as 143.17/105 and 148.01/105, respectively, in Guangzhou. Cancers caused 606 238.95 DALYs in 2010-2011 and 623 763.80 DALYs in 2012-2013 for both sexes and 37.63 and 37.81 person year per 1 000 persons, with the standardized DALY rates as 34.51‰, 34.00‰ respectively. Three administrative districts (Yuexiu, Haizhu and Liwan) were with the largest disease burden of cancers that accounted for 45% of the DALYs for the whole Conghua district, with liver cancer was the leading cancer on DALYs, and tracheal, bronchus and lung cancer ranked the first in the other districts.@*Conclusions@#In Guangzhou, disease burden caused by cancers was both prominently seen in the newly developed urban area and the old districts. It remains an arduous task to continue programs on control and prevention of cancers in this city.

An Investigation on the Molecular Characteristics and Intracellular Growth Ability among Environmental and Clinical Isolates of Legionella pneumophila in Sichuan Province, China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the molecular characteristics and intracellular growth ability of Legionella pneumophila (L. pneumophila) strains from 1989 to 2016 in Sichuan Province, China.@*METHODS@#Seventy-nine isolates of L. pneumophila were collected from environmental and clinical sources, including cooling towers, hot springs, bath water, fountains, and patients, and identified with 16S rRNA gene analysis and serum agglutination assay. The isolates were then typed by Sequence-Based Typing (SBT), and Genotyping of forty-two LP1 strains were analyzed by means of multiple-locus VNTR analysis with 8 loci (MLVA-8). All strains were further analyzed for two virulence genes: Legionella vir homologue (lvh) and repeats in structural toxin (rtxA). The intracellular growth ability of 33 selected isolates was determined by examining their interaction with J774 cells.@*RESULTS@#All isolates were identified to L. pneumophila including 11 serogroups, among which the main serogroup were LP1, accounting for 54.43%. Thirty-three different sequence types (STs) from five main clonal groups and five singletons were identified, along with 8 different MLVA patterns. Both the lvh and rtxA loci were found in all 79 strains. Thirty isolates showed high intracellular growth ability in J774 cells.@*CONCLUSION@#L. pneumophila is a potential threat to public health, and effective control and prevention strategies are urgently needed.

Clinical Analysis of 164 Children of Blood Disease Complicated with Invasive Fungal Disease / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics, prevention and treatment of invasive fungal disease (IFD).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 164 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of IFD in our center from January 2012 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence, clinical characteristics, related factors, treatment methods and prognosis were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 1289 cases of blood diseases, 164 cases suffered from IFD with inciduce of 12.7%. The main infection sites were as followed: lung, blood and gastrointestinal tract, with incidence of 84.2%, 5.5% and 3% respectively. The funge was found in 35 cases by detection; among fungi, the detected rate of candida albicans. aspergillus and candida glabrata was more high with 51.5%, 20% and 14.3% respectively. Among 164 childen with blood deseases complicated by IFD, 36 cases gained complete remission, 97 cases gained partial remission, 10 cases were stable, 11 cases were progressive and 10 cases died, the overall effective rate reached 81.1%. The univariate analysis showed that the gramulopenia, granulocyte recovery, long-term use of corticosteroid and immuno-suppressive agents, as well as different grades of diagnosis were significant factors affecting the efficacy of antifungal therapy for blood disease children with IFD, the multivariate analysis further showed that the granulocyte recovery and diagnosis grades were independent prognostic factors affecting the therapeutic efficacy for IFD children. The overall survival rate of IFD children with 12 weeks of antifungal treatnment was 81.7%, out of which the survival rate of IFD children at 12 weeks of treatment with itraconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B and caspofungin was 81.4%, 80%, 69.4% and 97.1% respectively, there were significant differences in survival rate between each other by long rank test. In addition of caspofungin, the other 3 kinds of drugs had toxic side effects of different degrees, but IFD children could tolerated these effects after symptomatic treatment.@*CONCLUSION@#The incidence of IFD in children with blood deseases in our hospital is 12.7%, the lung is most common infective site, moreover patogens of IFD mainly is candida. The promotion of granulocyte recovery and early stratified diagnosis can contribule to the treatment of IFD. For the IFD children with better economic condition, the caspofungin is a potent antifungal agent with high efficacy, low toxicity and better prognosis.

Pseudomyogenic Hemangioendothelioma in a 30-Year-Old Man: A Rare Case Report

No abstract available.

Effects of different surface treatments on the zirconia-resin cement bond strength / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effects of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength between zirconia and resin cement.@*METHODS@#Forty zirconia discs were randomly divided into four groups (10 discs in each group) for different surface treatments: control, no surface treatment; sandblast, applied air abrasion with aluminum oxide particles; ultraviolet (UV), the zirconia sample was placed in the UV sterilizer at the bottom of the UV lamp at 10 mm, and irradiated for 48 h; cold plasma, the discs were put in the cold plasma cabinet with the cold plasma generated from the gas of He for 30 s. Specimens of all the groups were surface treated prior to cementation with Panavia F 2.0 cement. The surface morphology and contact angle of water were measured. The shear bond strengths were tested and the failure modes were examined with a stereomicroscope.@*RESULTS@#Surface morphology showed no difference between the UV/cold plasma group and the control group. Sandblasted zirconia displayed an overall heterogeneous distribution of micropores. The contact angle of the control group was 64.1°±2.0°. After sandblasting, UV irradiation and cold plasma exposure, the values significantly decreased to 48.8°±2.6°, 27.1°±3.6° and 32.0°±3.3°. The values of shear bond strength of the specimens with sandblasted (14.82±2.01) MPa were higher than those with no treatment (9.41±1.07) MPa with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The values of shear bond strength of the specimens with UV irradiation (10.02±0.64) MPa were higher than those with no treatment (9.41±1.07) MPa, but without statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The values of cold plasma group (18.34±3.05) MPa were significantly higher than those of control group (9.41±1.07) MPa, even more than those with sandblast(14.82±2.01) MPa (P<0.05). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed increase in oxygen (O) and decrease in carbon (C) elements after UV and cold plasma treatment. The surface C/O ratio also decreased after UV and cold plasma treatment.@*CONCLUSION@#Zirconia specimens treated with UV and cold plasma could significantly improve the hydrophilicity. The surface morphology was unaffected by the UV irradiation and cold plasma treatments. The improvements of ziconia shear bond strength were slight in UV group without statistically significant difference. Cold plasma treatment significantly improved the shear bond strength between zirconia and resin cement.

Efficacy and Safety of MSC Infusion in Treatment of Children with Refractory LOHC: A Clinical Study / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the curative effect and safety of menchymal stem cell infusion in treatment of children with refractory late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis(LOHC) after allogeneic HSCT.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty cases of children with refractory LOHC after allo-HSCT in our department between December 2010 and July 2016 were analyzed retrospectively, out of 30 cases 7 received MSC treatment. The used MSC of all were four-to-five generation MSC from bone marrows of third party donors, and were infused into patients with (1.87±0.456)×10/kg MSCs once a week (1-4 times in total) until the hematuria and odynuria symptoms being improved. To observe whether unfavorable reactions occurred after MSC treatment, the patients accepted daily physical examination and regular assistant examination. The cytokine levels were also measured and dynamically detected in 2 cases before and after MSC treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 30 children with refractory LOHC, the hematuria difficultly reached the remission after routine hydration, alkalizing and antiviral therapy, Among 25 cases who were received methylprednisolone, MTX and CTX therapy, 7 cases received MSC infusion for 1-4 times with dose of (1.87±0.456)×10/(kg·time) as a result, 7 cases of LOHC were cured. The TNF-α and IL-2R levels in 2 cases progressively decreased after MSC infusion, no occurence of fever, rash, embolism and so on were found in 7 cases received MSC infusion; the BKV detection showed that the viral load did not increase; the leukemia relapse or secondary cancer did not occure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The MSC treatment is safe and effective for refractory LOHC after allo-HSCT.</p>

Etiological Study of Late Onset Hemorrhagic Cystitis after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prospectively study the correlation BKV with the occurrence and development of late onset hemorrhagic cystitis (LOHC) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of a total of 276 patients with allo-HSCT in our department between January 1998 and March 2016 were analyzed ratrospectvely. Quantitative Real-time PCR assay was used to prospectively monitor the BKV DNA load of the urine and plasma for 23 patients accepting allo-HSCT from August 2015 to March 2016.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>LOHC(24.28%) occurred in 67 of 276 cases with allo-HSCT. Univariate analysis showed that age older than 6 years, different diseases, unrelated donor, pretreatment with BU, Ⅲ-Ⅳ aGVHD significantly correlated with LOHC. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age older than 6 years (P<0.01), pretreatment with BU(P<0.05), and aGVHD of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ （P= 0.011） were the independent risk factors for LOHC. Among 23 patients after allo-HSTC, 10 of which were positive of urine BKV, and LOHC occurred in 6 cases. The positive rate of urine BKV (85.7%)in group LOHC was significantly higher than that in the group LOHC(25.0%）(χ=5.043, P<0.01). The incidence of LOHC positively correlated with the positive rate of BKV (r=0.564, P<0.01), and the severity of LOHC positively correlated with urinary BKV load (r = 0.502, P<0.01). And 5 of 6 petriatic patients with LOHC had aGVHD. All of them were subject to the strengthened antiviral treatment, and 4 of them accepted intensive immunosuppression therapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Age ≥6 years old, precenditioning regieme with BU and aGVHD of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ are independent risk factors for LOHC after allo-HSCT, the positive rate of urine BKV load positively correlates with the severity of LOHC after allo-HSCT.</p>

Case control study of unilateral and bilateral intervertebral space release in the treatment of lower lumbar spondylolisthesis / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical efficacy of unilateral and bilateral intervertebral space release in the treatment of lower lumbar spondylolisthesis.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 41 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis treated by surgery from October 2012 and May 2016 were retrospcetive analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups, 18 cases were enrolled in unilateral intervertebral release group, there were 7 males and 11 females, aged from 47 to 75 years old with an average of (59.3±6.4) years; according to Meyerding classification, 9 cases of I degree, 7 cases of II degree, 2 cases of III degree. And 23 cases were bilateral release group, there were 11 males and 12 females, aged from 51 to 76 years old with an average of (58.2±5.7) years; according to Meyerding classification, 11 cases of I degree, 10 cases of II degree, 2 cases of III degree. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, bone graft fusion rate of the patients were recorded in the patients. Pre- and post-operative back and leg pain were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) between two groups. The slip rate, slip angle, posterior height of intervertebral space, height of intervertebral foramen, distance of anterior and posterior displacement of vertex of intervertebral foramen were measured on X-ray and CT. And the above radiographic data were analyzed by intra-group or inter-group.@*RESULTS@#All the patients were followed up from 9 to 24 months with an average of 12 months. The entire 41 patient obtained bone fusion at 12 months after operation. There was no statistical significance in VAS at 12 months after operation, intraoperative blood loss and operation time between two groups(>0.05). There were statistical significance in sliding angle, posterior height of intervertebral space, height of intervertebral foramen, distance of anterior and posterior displacement of vertex of intervertebral foramen of all patients before and after operation(0.05), but there was significant difference in bilateral release group. There was statistical significance in postoperative slip angle, posterior height of intervertebral space, distance of anterior and posterior displacement of vertex of intervertebral foramen between two groups(=0.001, 0.045, 0.001). The height of intervertebral foramen increased and the slippage rate decreased in both groups after operation, but there was no significant difference between two groups(=0.248).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Unilateral and bilateral intervertebral space release for the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis can obviously reduce the rate of spondylolisthesis, restore foraminal height and achieve better clinical efficacy. Bilateral release group can better restore the slip angle, increase posterior height of intervertebral space, reduce the distance of anterior and posterior displacement of vertex of intervertebral foramen. Especially for grade II or above degree of slippage is more appropriate.

Clinical Efficacy of NOPHO-AML 2004 Regimen for Treatment of Children with Acute Myelocytic Leukemia (Non-M3) / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy and safety of NOPHO-AML 2004 chemotherapy regimen for treatment of children with acute myelocytic leukemia(non-M3).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-three patients aged 1-13 with acute myelocytic leukemia (non-M3) were diagnosed from January 2013 to June 2017. FAB typing showed that 1 case in M0, 4 cases in M1, 12 cases in M2, 5 cases in M4, 8 cases in M5, 1 case in M6, and 2 cases in M7; Risk stratification showed that: 19 cases in standard risk, and 14 cases in high risk. All patients were treated with NOPHO-AML 2004 chemotherapy regimen. SPSS 22.0 software was used, the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis method and Cox regression model were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the first course of treatment (AIET), among 33 child patients there were 27 cases with complete remission, and 5 cases with non-remission, thus the remission rate was 81.8%. Out of the 5 child patients without remission, 4 cases reached to the complete remission after the second course (AM), and 1 case did not remission, thus the total remission rate was 96.9%.9 cases (27.3%) underwent bone marrow recurrence and the median recurrence time was 30 months after complete continuous remission. Univariate analysis showed that age and erythrocyte transfusion frequency were significant factors to affect the early treatment response; the multiple Cox regression analysis showed that: age >7, MRD positive, erythrocyte transfusion >4 times and poor response to early treatment were independent risk factors for recurrence; Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) in 8 high-risk children received enhanced chemotherapy had better efficacy as compared with the chemotherapy alone. The 3-year event-free survival rate was 59.9%, and 3-year overall survival rate was 69.2%. 33 children patients experienced varying degrees of infection and myelosuppression, or drug-related gastrointestinal reactions and allergic reactions, patients were tolerable to these side reactions after active symptomatic treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NOPHO-AML 2004 chemotherapy regimen has high response rate and good tolerance, early treatment response is an important factor influencing prognosis. Age and repeated red blood cell infusions are the important factors influencing the prognosis, which promote bone marrow recurrence in AML children. For the children suffered from clinical high-risk AML, the NOPHO-AML 2004 chemotherapy regimen combined with HSCT can improve the prognosis of patients.</p>